Reflux diseases are associated with an increased risk of dental erosion in adults.
A systematic review by Jialong Wang et al. underscored the significant relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) with dental erosion in adults. The study, which analyzed findings from 22 peer-reviewed publications, reveals that individuals suffering from reflux conditions are at a much higher risk of tooth enamel erosion. Conversely, those with dental erosion were more likely to have underlying reflux conditions.
Researchers conducted a comprehensive review of studies, drawing data from PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Opensigle and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched for gray literature, and additional studies were recognized via manual reference list screening. The analysis encompassed studies that specifically examined the correlation between reflux diseases and dental erosion in adult populations.
The review confirmed that adults with GERD or LPR had a markedly higher prevalence of dental erosion when compared to those without these conditions. Frequent acid exposure from reflux can weaken and dissolve the enamel, making teeth more prone to decay and sensitivity. Interestingly, the study also found that those with existing dental erosion were more likely to have underlying GERD or LPR. This suggests a two-way relationship, where reflux contributes to dental erosion, and dental damage could be an indicator of undiagnosed reflux disease.
The study highlighted the heterogeneity in how different research studies defined and diagnosed GERD, LPR, and dental erosion. This variation in diagnostic criteria makes it problematic to establish uniform treatment approaches. Researchers emphasize the importance of adopting universal guidelines to better diagnose reflux conditions and their impact on dental health.
This study reinforces the critical role of acid reflux in dental health, highlighting the need for early intervention to curb long-term enamel damage. Since GERD and LPR can often present with silent symptoms, dental erosion could serve as an early warning sign for underlying acid reflux disease. By recognizing the connection between GERD, LPR, and dental erosion, clinicians can take a proactive approach to safeguard both digestive and oral health.
Digestive Diseases and Sciences
Relationship Between Laryngopharyngeal Reflux, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, and Dental Erosion in Adult Populations: A Systematic Review
Jialong Wang et al.
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