In a randomized, double-blinded, two-arm, placebo-controlled trial, Dexmedetomidine illustrated anti-inflammatory properties, sympatholytic effects, and analgesic benefits while maintaining cardiovascular safety in patients undergoing videolaparoscopic cholecystectomies. Investigators sought to determine the impact of Dexmedetomidine treatment on organic function, focusing on neuroinflammation, perioperative pain management, and blood pressure regulation in a medium-sized surgical model.

Overall, 52 patients were randomly allocated to two groups: Group A received Dexmedetomidine infusion (1 μg/kg loading dose, followed by 0.2-0.5 μg/kg/h infusion), while Group B received saline 0.9% infusion alongside Sevoflurane. Collection of blood samples was done at three time points: pre-surgery, 4-6 hours post-surgery, and 24 hours postoperatively. The analysis of inflammatory and endocrine mediators was the key endpoint. Secondary endpoints incorporated pain levels, opioid consumption, and hemodynamic parameters.

At 4-6 hours post-surgery, Group A exhibited a decrease in interleukin-6 levels. Furthermore, there was a profound drop in interleukin-10 levels 24 hours post-procedure. Furthermore, Dexmedetomidine usage was linked with attenuated systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as improved heart rate, and a decreased occurrence of pain and opioid usage during the first hour of postoperative recovery (P < .0001). These findings underscore the therapeutic potential of highly selective α2-adrenergic agonists in anesthesia protocols.