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Higher maternal protein, zinc, and vitamin A intake is associated with a lower risk of preterm birth, while the dietary inflammatory index shows no significant association.
A hospital-based study led by Rima Irwinda et al. highlights the significant role of maternal nutrition in preterm birth (delivery before 37 weeks of gestation) risk. The findings show that specific nutrient intake—particularly protein, zinc, and vitamin A—is associated with birth outcomes, whereas the dietary inflammatory index (DII) does not substantially predict preterm delivery.
The study included 365 pregnant women presenting with signs of labor. Volunteers were categorized into preterm and term birth groups. Dietary intake was checked through a food frequency questionnaire and analyzed with Nutrisurvey v2007 based on an Indonesian food database. The DII was calculated using 26 dietary parameters, and participants were segregated into tertiles ranging from most anti-inflammatory to most proinflammatory diets.
Numerous maternal and clinical variables were considerably associated with preterm birth:
(A) Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors
(B) Nutritional Factors
In the multivariate analysis, independent predictors of preterm birth included:
Importantly, higher zinc intake (p=0.041) and higher vitamin A intake (p=0.006) were noticeably associated with reduced preterm birth risk. Notably, the DII exhibited no statistically significant correlation with preterm birth. Maternal nutritional status—especially adequate protein, zinc, and vitamin A intake—plays a fundamental role in preterm birth risk, while the overall DII does not appear to be a significant predictor. Strengthening antenatal care attendance and improving maternal micronutrient intake may help minimize preterm birth rates.
Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism
Association of Protein, Zinc, and Vitamin A Maternal Intake With Preterm Birth, but Not With the Dietary Inflammatory Index
Rima Irwinda et al.
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