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Global GERD prevalence, incidence, and DALYs increase steadily, disproportionately affecting younger adults and low-SDI regions.
A new analysis of Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data highlights a significant increase in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) worldwide, with younger populations and low-socio-demographic index (SDI) countries disproportionately affected.
Researchers examined GBD 2021 data to estimate epidemiological burden (existing GERD cases), occurrence (new GERD cases), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized rates (ASRs) and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs). The study examined trends from 1990 to 2021 and evaluated health inequalities across countries via the slope index of inequality (SII) and concentration index (CI). Furthermore, Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) modeling was employed to depict GERD burden through 2036, offering insights into future trends.
From 1990 to 2021, GERD’s global impact surged:
ASRs increased steadily, with AAPCs of 0.11 for incidence and prevalence, and 0.12 for DALYs, highlighting a sustained global rise. The study reveals a worrying age trend: GERD is increasing among adults under 50, while slightly declining in those over 50. This indicates a growing burden on working-age populations, emphasizing the need for early screening, lifestyle interventions, and timely treatment.
Analysis across 204 countries and 21 regions found a negative correlation between SDI and GERD burden. Low-SDI countries are increasingly affected, with health inequality measures such as the SII and CI showing widening gaps. This calls for equitable healthcare strategies and resource allocation to combat GERD globally. Using Bayesian age-period-cohort modeling, researchers predict that the global GERD burden will continue rising through 2036, making it an escalating public health concern.
With GERD affecting younger adults and widening disparities between high- and low-SDI countries, health authorities must focus on:
GERD is no longer a disease of older adults alone. Rising prevalence, shifting age trends, and global inequalities make proactive prevention, early management, and equitable healthcare access essential for controlling this growing epidemic.
Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology
https://journals.lww.com/sjga/fulltext/9900/the_global,_regional,_and_national_patterns_of.164.aspx
The global, regional, and national patterns of change in the burden of gastroesophageal reflux disease, 1990-2021: An analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021 and forecast to 2036
Baoqing Liu et al.
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