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Photobiomodulation therapy combined with platelet-rich fibrin improves postoperative pain relief and promotes greater dentin bridge formation after direct pulp capping.
Direct pulp capping (DPC) is a minimally invasive approach that preserves pulp vitality and promotes reparative dentin formation, making material selection critical to long-term outcomes. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is emerging as a promising adjunct due to its biostimulatory and analgesic properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of PBMT — alone or in combination with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) or mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) — on postoperative pain and dentin bridge thickness following DPC.
This randomized clinical trial enrolled 60 patients (aged 17–45 years) presenting with reversible pulpitis in permanent molars. Volunteers were randomly allocated into three groups of 20 patients each:
Patients underwent clinical and radiographic follow-up at 3, 6, and 12 months, with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) used to measure dentin bridge thickness at each visit. Pain assessment showed no significant reduction at 24 hours compared with baseline in any treatment group. However, by the first and second postoperative weeks, PBMT-treated groups experienced greater pain reduction (P=0.00).
This indicated that the analgesic benefits of PBMT became evident after the immediate postoperative period. Radiographic analysis further highlighted the regenerative potential of PBMT. CBCT demonstrated greater dentin bridge development in PBMT-treated teeth than in non-PBMT groups. The greatest dentin bridge thickness was noted in the PRF group, indicating a synergistic effect of PRF and PBMT on hard tissue repair.
Thus, PBMT enhances both healing and patient comfort after DPC, while its combination with PRF offers the most favorable outcomes for postoperative pain reduction and reparative dentin bridge formation.
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics
https://journals.lww.com/jcde/fulltext/2026/06000/evaluation_of_dentin_bridge_formation_and.10.aspx
Evaluation of dentin bridge formation and postoperative pain reduction after direct pulp capping using photobiomodulation therapy, platelet-rich fibrin, and mineral trioxide aggregate – A randomized clinical trial
Mohanty et al.
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