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Advanced chronic kidney disease is strongly linked to hidden upper gastrointestinal damage, with gastritis and esophagitis emerging as the most common endoscopic findings.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) continues to impose a substantial systemic burden, frequently extending beyond renal dysfunction to involve the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Patients commonly experience symptoms such as appetite loss, nausea, vomiting, and dyspepsia, all of which can compromise nutritional status and overall quality of life (QoL). Despite the high frequency of GI complaints in this population, the connection between symptom severity, endoscopic abnormalities, and progression of kidney disease remains insufficiently characterized in routine clinical practice.
The study was designed to investigate the prevalence of upper GI symptoms in patients with CKD, identify associated endoscopic abnormalities, and examine how these findings correlated with the severity of renal impairment. Researchers conducted a prospective observational study at a tertiary healthcare center involving 100 adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m². The mean age was 63.67 ± 11.23 years, 69% were male, and 69% had stage V CKD.
After applying predefined exclusion criteria, all participants underwent comprehensive clinical assessment, laboratory evaluation, and fibreoptic esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21, and Chi-square testing was applied to determine associations between upper GI lesions and different stages of CKD. The study showed that upper GI symptoms and endoscopic abnormalities were highly prevalent among those with advanced CKD, particularly in those with stage V disease (Table 1).
The findings highlighted a significant relationship between worsening kidney dysfunction and the increasing prevalence of upper GI abnormalities. Early endoscopic screening in symptomatic CKD patients appeared essential for the timely diagnosis and management of mucosal lesions before serious complications develop.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences
A study of upper gastrointestinal symptoms in patients of chronic kidney disease with endoscopic correlation
Santosh Kumar SB et al.
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