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Aeroallergen sensitivity shows a strong and significant association with CSU, with allergic rhinitis emerging as a frequent co-morbidity and elevated IgE levels indicating a prominent atopic profile.
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) — a persistent skin ailment marked by recurrent hives and itching — remains a puzzling allergic disorder with unclear underlying mechanisms. Despite ongoing research, the role of environmental aeroallergens like molds, pollens, and dust mites in triggering CSU has not been well-established. A new cross-sectional study has now offered compelling evidence highlighting a significant connection between aeroallergen sensitization and CSU, suggesting that allergic rhinitis (AR) may act as a frequent co-morbidity.
The primary goal was to explore the relationship between aeroallergen sensitivity and CSU, focusing on whether patients with CSU exhibit higher sensitization to airborne allergens. A total of 91 patients diagnosed with CSU were enrolled. Researchers collected comprehensive demographic data and conducted skin prick tests (SPT) for common aeroallergens including pollens, dust mites, and trees. Additionally, pulmonary function tests were carried out to evaluate the presence of asthma. Total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were checked to determine atopic predisposition. Clinical findings were compared to identify coexisting AR and asthma among participants.
Key findings
Out of 91 volunteers, 75 were females, with an average age of 36.9 ± 12.93 years.
Additionally, 40.7% (37 patients) were diagnosed with AR, illustrating a statistically significant connection between AR and positive SPT results (p = 0.002). Notably, 8 patients also had allergic asthma, while 49.4% (45 patients) exhibited elevated serum IgE levels above 100 IU/ml, indicating a strong atopic profile. The study concludes that aeroallergen sensitivity plays a major role in CSU development. A notable overlap was found between CSU and AR, suggesting that coexisting airway allergies may exacerbate or influence the course of the skin condition. These findings emphasize the importance of allergy testing in CSU sufferers for early detection and personalized management. Screening for AR and asthma could further enhance outcomes and quality of life.
Postępy Dermatologii i Alergologii (Advances in Dermatology and Allergology)
Investigating the association of atopy and aeroallergen sensitization and chronic spontaneous urticaria
Hossein Esmaeilzadeh et al.
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