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This systematic analysis explored the evolving global burden of osteoarthritis (OA) in females experiencing postmenopausal changes.
The global burden of osteoarthritis in postmenopausal women has escalated by over 1.3-fold, with knee osteoarthritis being the most prevalent and high BMI markedly contributing to DALYs.
This systematic analysis explored the evolving global burden of osteoarthritis (OA) in females experiencing postmenopausal changes. It analyzed trends in prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from years 1990 to 2021.
Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021 were used to assess four OA subtypes—hand, knee, hip, and other joints—in women following menopause. Age-standardized rates were calculated on the basis of the global age standard. On the other hand, temporal trends were examined through estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) analyses. The study also investigated the influence of age, socio-demographic index (SDI), and body mass index (BMI) on OA burden.
Over the past three decades (from 1990 to 2021), OA incidence, prevalence, and DALYs in postmenopausal women surged by more than 1.3-fold globally, with EAPCs of 0.211, 0.356, and 0.395, respectively. Knee OA imposed the greatest burden, whereas hip OA was the least prevalent. Higher SDI regions bore a disproportionate burden, and inequalities linked to SDI widened over time. East Asia and high-income Asia Pacific witnessed the steepest rises in OA cases. High BMI illustrated a pivotal role, especially in high, high-middle, and middle SDI countries, where over 20% of OA-related DALYs were associated with elevated BMI.
OA in postmenopausal women is on an upward trajectory, reinforcing its significant impact on global health. Addressing this challenge requires proactive risk factor management, BMI-centered lifestyle interventions, and policies tailored to bridge demographic disparities—ensuring a healthier future for aging populations.
BMJ Global Health
Global burden of osteoarthritis among postmenopausal women in 204 countries and territories: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Huadong Xu et al.
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