Global burden of hip osteoarthritis: Influence of age, sex, and region :- Medznat

This study sought to explore the global prevalence of hip osteoarthritis (HOA) through a systematic review and meta-analysis, and to examine, using regression analysis, the link between age and sex, and between sex and prevalence.

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Key take away

Hip osteoarthritis affects about 8.55% of the global population, with prevalence rising steadily with age, varying widely across regions—highest in Europe and lowest in Africa—but showing no vital difference between men and women.

Background

Method

Major databases—EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and SCOPUS—were systematically explored. Two independent reviewers extracted relevant data and determined the quality of studies. A random-effects model was utilized to verify the combined prevalence of HOA. Subgroup analyses explored differences based on diagnostic criteria, geographic region, and sex, while meta-regression determined how prevalence altered with age.

Result

A total of 31 studies, including 326,463 individuals, fulfilled the inclusion requirements. All studies achieved a quality score of 4 or higher. The Kellgren–Lawrence (K-L) grading scale was the predominant diagnostic tool, used in nearly two-thirds (61.3%) of the included studies. Globally, the pooled prevalence of HOA using the K-L ≥ 2 definition was 8.55%.

Regional analysis revealed striking variations: Africa exhibited the lowest prevalence (1.20%), followed by Asia (4.26%) and North America (7.95%), while Europe recorded the highest rate (12.59%). Prevalence did not differ considerably between men (9.42%) and women (7.94%). Regression assessment confirmed a strong, positive connection between advancing age and HOA prevalence.

Conclusion

HOA remains a widespread and age-dependent condition across the globe. While its occurrence differs considerably between regions, it appears to affect men and women at comparable rates. Broader, high-quality epidemiological research is fundamental to refine global estimates and guide public health strategies aimed at prevention and early detection.