Albuminuria, atherosclerosis, diabetes duration, hemoglobin A1C levels, and retinopathy are significant risk factors for Charcot foot in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
A retrospective register-based cohort study issued in "Diabetologia" has pinpointed key risk factors driving the development of Charcot foot in diabetes mellitus-affected people. Charcot foot (also known as Charcot osteoarthropathy) is a complication of diabetes mellitus with potentially disastrous consequences. This study, covering data from 2001 to 2016, analyzed 3,397 individuals with diabetes and Charcot foot and 27,662 matched controls.
Those with diabetes and Charcot foot were identified and matched with those having diabetes but without Charcot foot, ensuring similarity in diabetes type and duration. Logistic regression analysis was used to pinpoint key contributors to disease development. In individuals with diabetes, key risk factors for developing Charcot foot within 12 months included atherosclerosis (general and peripheral), elevated levels of hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), diabetes duration, micro- and macroalbuminuria, and retinopathy.
Notably, women with type 1 diabetes and men with type 2 diabetes were reported to face a higher risk compared to their opposite-sex counterparts. These findings emphasize the need for early identification and preventive strategies for high-risk people, potentially minimizing the severe consequences of this diabetes-related complication.
Diabetologia
Risk factors for Charcot foot development in individuals with diabetes mellitus
Georgios Tsatsaris et al.
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